Low liquid loading gas/liquid pipe flow

Low liquid loading gas/liquid flow is frequently encountered in natural gas production and wet gas transmission through long distance pipelines. In this review the typical flow phenomena of low liquid loading gas/liquid pipe flow are described based on the experimental measurements and observations conducted by different authors during the past several decades. The proposed models for flow pattern, pressure gradient and liquid holdup predictions, and closure relationships developed in the previous literatures are introduced and discussed.

► Low liquid loading gas/liquid flow occurrences.
► Typical flow phenomena of low liquid loading gas/liquid pipe flows.
► Experimental measurements and observations conducted by different authors.
► Models for flow pattern, pressure gradient and liquid holdup predictions.
►  Closure relationships for wetted wall fraction, interfacial friction factor and liquid entrainment fraction.