Investigating a suitable equation of state for an infinite system of nucleons

• The average energy variation with respect to the density of a system of nucleons is presented.
• A new suitable formula is proposed for the nuclear equation of state.
• The mathematical model describes infinite symmetric/asymmetric system of protons and neutrons.

In this paper, the average energy variation with respect to the density of a system of nucleons is theoretically studied. A new formula is proposed for the nuclear equation of state. This formula is related to an infinite system of protons and neutrons with relatively small thermal excitation. It is shown that the presented formulation for the nuclear equation of state reproduces the results obtained in the Skyrme–Hartree–Fock (SHF) and Relativistic Mean-Field (RMF) models of nuclear matter. It should be realized that the consistency of the obtained results for nuclear matter with the predictions of the well-known SHF and RMF models for symmetric and asymmetric system of nucleons indicates the reliability of this formulation for various types of nuclear matter in large scales such as neutron stars.