β-Adrenergic regulation of uncoupling protein expression in swine

This study examined the β-adrenergic regulation of uncoupling protein (UCP) 2 and UCP3 gene expression in porcine tissues. In vitro experiments examined changes in UCP2 and UCP3 gene expression in middle (MSQ) and outer (OSQ) subcutaneous adipose tissues from crossbred neutered male pigs. Incubation of tissue slices (24 h) with 0 to 1000 nM isoproterenol increased UCP2 and UCP3 mRNA abundance in MSQ and OSQ, relative to 18S rRNA (P < 0.05). For the in vivo experiment, nine randomly selected pigs (80 kg) were presented with a diet supplemented with 10.0 ppm ractopamine for 2 weeks. Another eight pigs were maintained on a control diet. Dietary ractopamine did not affect adipose UCP2 or UCP3 gene expression (P > 0.05). However, UCP2 mRNA abundance was depressed in semitendinosus white (STW, P < 0.05) and semitendinosus red (STR, P < 0.001) by ractopamine feeding. Also, ractopamine decreased UCP3 mRNA abundance by 28% in STW (P < 0.05). The in vitro data suggest that β-adrenergic agonists directly affect adipose tissue UCP expression, although these adipose effects can be masked by the in vivo physiology. The in vivo data indicate that β-adrenergic agonists may function in regulating UCP2 and UCP3 expression in selected muscles.