Nafion coated TiO2 and CuO doped TiO2 modified glassy carbon and platinum electrodes: Preparation, characterization and application of enhancement of electrochemical sensitivity for azines

• TiO2 and CuO doped TiO2 materials strongly binding in smooth glassy carbon and platinum electrode surface
• Azine electrolytes synthesis in green method
• Modified electrodes highly enhanced cathodic peak current in azine electrolytes
• Some electrode material acts as screen for electrochemical responds in azine electrolyte

The electrode materials titanium dioxide and copper oxide doped titanium dioxide are synthesized. Modified electrodes are characterized by SEM and cyclic voltammetry (CV). We present a systematic study of the electrochemistry of azines at bare and modified electrodes such as Glassy carbon electrode (GCE), Nafion coated titanium dioxide GCE (Naf/TiO2@GCE), Nafion coated copper oxide doped titanium dioxide GCE (Naf/CuO–TiO2@GCE), Platinum electrode (Pt), Nafion coated titanium dioxide Pt (Naf/TiO2@Pt) and Nafion coated copper oxide doped titanium dioxide Pt (Naf/CuO–TiO2@Pt) in cyclic voltammetry. Platinum, glassy carbon and its modified working electrodes were compared. In all azines better electrochemical responses were observed on GCE and its modified electrodes, which yielded higher currents in the cyclic voltammograms. Electrocatalytic reduction of azine on the surface modified electrodes was investigated in cyclic voltammetry and the results showed that the Naf/CuO–TiO2@GCE has excellent electrochemical catalytic activities toward azine reduction. The electrocatalytic investigation reveals electrocatalytic effect not only depends up on nature and porosity of electrode material but it also depends on nature of electrolyte and electrode material acts as screen for electrochemical response of electrolyte. In this paper also better explanation about how electron donating and withdrawing groups is enhanced and decreased the reduction potential in cyclic voltammetry.