Effect of Fe–Zn–Mg–Al hydrotalcites on the methane potential of synthetic sulfate-containing wastewater

• Hydrotalcites of Fe–Mg–Al, Zn–Mg–Al and Fe–Zn–Mg–Al were prepared and characterized.
• Hydrotalcite effect on methane potential of synthetic wastewater was tested.
• Fe–Zn–Mg–Al hydrotalcite at 500 mg/L had the best result of 372 mL CH4/gVS.
• Enhancement of methane production is due to ions immobilized in the sheet structure

Three hydrotalcites of M2+–Mg–Al were synthesized using the co-precipitation method, where M2+ was Fe2+, Zn2+ and Fe2+ + Zn2+. The hydrotalcites and their calcined form of mixed oxides obtained by their thermal decomposition were characterized by FTIR, XRD and SEM. Subsequently their effect on the methane potential of synthetic wastewater comprised of sucrose and sulfur was evaluated in a multiple batch system at 37 ± 0.5 °C. The best methane potential was observed from the Fe–Zn–Mg–Al hydrotalcite at 500 mg/L yielding 372 mL CH4/gVS which corresponds to an 8.1% increment against the control. The better performance of the Fe–Zn–Mg–Al hydrotalcite can be attributed to the Zn2+ ions. These react with S2− in the substrate to yield zinc sulfide and therefore prevent it from forming H2S by sulfate reducing bacteria, meanwhile reducing competition for methanogens to form methane. Calcined hydrotalcites neither stimulated nor inhibited the methane production which suggests that the enhancement of methane produced by the Fe–Zn–Mg–Al hydrotalcite was related to the presence of Fe2+ and Zn2+ cations incorporated and immobilized in the layered sheet structure of the hydrotalcite.