A methodology for the optimal modularization of building design

• A graph-based methodology decomposes the design of a building into non-repetitive modules that can be preassembled offsite.
• A clustering algorithm is applied to identify the modules, without restricting their design in advance.
• A computer program is developed to allow the automated application of the methodology using data from BIM tools.
• The approach can increase the efficiency of onsite construction activities, as well as the adaptability of buildings.

The use of prefabricated modules has the potential to increase the efficiency of onsite construction activities, as well as the adaptability of buildings. However, such modules currently require a degree of repetitiveness to which many clients object. To resolve this conflict, a graph-based methodology is proposed that decomposes the design into non-repetitive modules that can be preassembled offsite, without restricting the design in advance. Such modules contain components that have similar future replacement rates, and a limited number of connections to other components. A clustering algorithm is applied on data from BIM tools for an optimal definition of the modules and their interfaces. A computer program is developed to allow the automated application of the methodology in large and complex projects. The research demonstrates that graph-based models can be useful for representing and analyzing construction projects. A graph-based approach has the potential to be successfully applied in additional areas, in order to provide project management tools.