Reflectivity forward modeling and a CSSI method seismic inversion study of igneous intrusive area, coked area, and gas-enriched area located within a coal seam

We applied the reflectivity method and the constrained sparse spike inverse modeling (CSSI) method to the interpretation of coal field lithologic seismic data. After introducing the principles of these two methods we discuss some parameters of a geological model involving possible gas enriched areas or intruded igneous rock. The geological model was constructed and a 60 Hz seismic response profile was obtained looking for igneous rock intrusion and coked areas of the coal seam using the reflectivity method. Starting from synthesized logging data from two wells and a synthesized seismic wavelet we calibrated the model to show accurate strata. Finally, we predicted the lithology within a 10 m igneous rock area, a 3 m coal seam area, and a coked area using the CSSI technique. The results show that the CSSI technique can identify hard to recognize lithologic features that normal profiling methods might miss. It can quantitatively analyze and evaluate the intrusive area, the coked area, and the gas-enriched area.