Android users in the wild: Their authentication and usage behavior

In this paper, we performed a longitudinal field study with 41 participants, who installed our monitoring framework on their Android smartphones and ran it for at least 20 days. We examined how unlocking mechanisms perform in the wild in terms of time it takes to authenticate and error-rate, and how the users' choices of the unlocking mechanisms are linked to the different patterns of smartphone usage. Based on our findings, we offer insights into improving Android unlocking mechanisms and related user experience.