Holonic Model of DHC for Energy Flow Optimization

This paper introduces the proposal of discrete holonic model of district heating and cooling system for energy flow optimization. The task of the model is to achieve the best solution of the objective function, usually determined by minimizing the production and distribution costs and meeting the consumer's energy needs. The model also introduces the idea of general prosumers, which act as entities representing all active elements within the modern DHC system. In a general sense, the model should provide tools for simulation and control of modern DHC, possibly superior units as Smart Energy Grids -understood as a system integrating Smart Grids (electricity) and Smart Thermal Grids (heat a cool).