Error control and adjustment method for underwater wireless sensor network localization

Underwater sensor position information is very important in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs). The sensor collected information is only meaningful with the correct positions. While current method only processes underwater nodes individually, which causes the localization precision for each nodes varying severely. This problem is very common in both centralized network and distributed network. The varying localization precision causes real trouble especially in data fusion, aided navigation, and signal processing. To solve this problem and achieve a consistent localization precision in the network, we propose an error control and adjustment method to make all the sensor localization precision refined. We use the distance information between nodes to establish a network error adjustment model, which can improve the localization precision and make the network localization error consistent. The simulation and actual experiment proves that this method can make all the node positioning more precise, the localization precision can be lower than decimetres. This method can be widely used in UWSNs and show a favourable potential in ocean engineering applications.