Facilitators, barriers and needs in the use of adaptive driving strategies to enhance older drivers' mobility: Importance of openness, perceptions, knowledge and support

- Use of adaptive driving strategies can optimize older drivers' mobility.
- This study explored facilitators, barriers and needs for the use of such strategies.
- Older drivers' openness, perceptions, knowledge and support influence their use.
- Help by relatives, services by professionals, and transportation options are needed.
- Information about aging, resources and adaptive strategies must be disseminated.

This study aimed to explore facilitators, barriers and needs for the use of adaptive driving strategies (i.e., means used to adjust driving for diminished abilities) which can optimize the community mobility of older drivers. An exploratory qualitative clinical research design was conducted with 11 older drivers, 7 relatives and 14 driving professionals. Five focus group discussions were audio recorded, transcribed and analyzed. Facilitators for the use of adaptive driving strategies were: being a woman; perceiving dangers; recognizing the usefulness of strategies and abilities as diminished; having disabilities or discomfort when driving; experiencing complex driving situations; receiving help of relatives and services of professionals; and having other transportation options. Barriers were: not knowing strategies; being proud; lack of self-criticism; unwillingness of relatives and physicians to intervene; having costs to the use of adaptive strategies; recognizing driving as important; perceiving the complexity of using other transportation options; and lack of proximity to facilities and services. To foster the use of adaptive strategies, TV, radio, newspapers and information sessions need increasing older drivers' awareness about the age-related changes, the community resources, and the strategies themselves, including their importance in safe driving. Furthermore, to support older drivers in changing their driving habits and using adaptive strategies, results demonstrated that it is important to involve their relatives and professionals. While promoting safe driving and the prevention of collisions and injuries on the road, knowledge about facilitators, barriers and needs for the use of adaptive driving strategies could ultimately allow seniors to optimize their community mobility.