کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
5045044 1475549 2017 7 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Variation across individuals and items determine learning outcomes from fast mapping
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
تغییر در افراد و اقلام، نتایج یادگیری را از نقشه برداری سریع تعیین می کند
کلمات کلیدی
یادگیری، نقشه برداری سریع، حافظه، واژه ها، هیپوکامپ، قشر
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علم عصب شناسی علوم اعصاب رفتاری
چکیده انگلیسی


- Trait memory differences and foil typicality affect fast mapping learning outcomes.
- Lexical competition effects depend on use of typical or atypical fast mapping foils.
- High semantic memory learners show stronger lexical competition with atypical foils.

An approach to learning words known as “fast mapping” has been linked to unique neurobiological and behavioral markers in adult humans, including rapid lexical integration. However, the mechanisms supporting fast mapping are still not known. In this study, we sought to help change this by examining factors that modulate learning outcomes. In 90 subjects, we systematically manipulated the typicality of the items used to support fast mapping (foils), and quantified learners' inclination to employ semantic, episodic, and spatial memory through the Survey of Autobiographical Memory (SAM). We asked how these factors affect lexical competition and recognition performance, and then asked how foil typicality and lexical competition are related in an independent dataset. We find that both the typicality of fast mapping foils, and individual differences in how different memory systems are employed, influence lexical competition effects after fast mapping, but not after other learning approaches. Specifically, learning a word through fast mapping with an atypical foil led to lexical competition, while a typical foil led to lexical facilitation. This effect was particularly evident in individuals with a strong tendency to employ semantic memory. We further replicated the relationship between continuous foil atypicality and lexical competition in an independent dataset. These findings suggest that semantic properties of the foils that support fast mapping can influence the degree and nature of subsequent lexical integration. Further, the effects of foils differ based on an individual's tendency to draw-on the semantic memory system.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Neuropsychologia - Volume 106, November 2017, Pages 187-193
نویسندگان
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