Enhanced crack suppression ability of hybrid glass fiber reinforced laminated composites fabricated using GNP/epoxy system by optimized UDM parameters

In this work, GFRPs with layer-up [+22/−22/90n]s were prepared and hybridized with 0.5 wt% of GNPs to introduce in-situ crack suppression ability. Optimization of the processing parameters of ultrasonic dual mode mixing (UDM) process was adopted to disperse GNPs uniformly in the epoxy system and place them evenly at the interfacial zones of GFRPs. Test results show that 102% and 153% enhancement in tensile strength and Young's modulus has been achieved by the proposed method. Low stirring speed and low pulse-off time show significant effect on properties of the GFRPs. The fragmentation behaviour was investigated under optical microscope for GNP infused hybrid GFRPs and compared to that of the control. Failure investigation examined under FESEM showed reduced delamination for hybrid GFRPs having randomly oriented GNPs in their interfacial zone. This work exposes the effective espousal of the process to prepare GNP infused hybrid GFRPs having crack suppression ability at the interfaces.