CCR5-Δ32 gene polymorphism is associated with retinopathy in patients with type 1 diabetes

- We analyzed the CCR5-Δ32 polymorphism in patients with type 1 diabetes.
- We found significant negative association between type 1 diabetes and Δ32 allele.
- The frequency of Δ32 allele was the highest in a group with retinopathy.
- Δ32 carriers had higher levels of: HbA1c, inflammatory markers and adhesion molecules.
- The Δ32 allele increases the risk of diabetic retinopathy.

AimThe aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the CCR5-Δ32 polymorphism and the risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with DM1.MethodsWe examined 420 patients and 350 healthy controls. The analysis concerned CCR5-Δ32 polymorphism as well as levels of serum inflammatory markers (CRP, TNF-α), adhesion molecules (VCAM, ICAM-1, ICAM-3) and CCR5 ligand (MCP-1).ResultsWe found a negative association between DM1 and Δ32 allele. Moreover, the frequency of Δ32 allele was higher in a group with DR in comparison to control subjects without this complication. We also found that Δ32 carriers had the highest levels of: HbA1c, inflammatory markers, adhesion molecules and CCR5 ligand.ConclusionsThe findings of our studies suggest that the CCR5-Δ32 polymorphism is associated with DM1 such that the Δ32 allele protects against the development of DM1 and increases the risk of DR in patients who have already developed the disease.