2-D unitary matrix pencil method for efficient direction of arrival estimation

In this study, we extended the one-dimensional (1-D) unitary matrix pencil method (UMP) [N. Yilmazer, J. Koh, T.K. Sarkar, Utilization of a unitary transform for efficient computation in the matrix pencil method to find the direction of arrival, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 54 (1) (2006) 175–181] to two-dimensional case, where 2-D matrix pencil (MP) method are used to find the 2-D poles corresponding to the direction of arrival (DOA), azimuth and elevation angles, of the far field sources impinging on antenna arrays. This technique uses MP method to compute the DOA of the signals using a very efficient computational procedure in which the complexity of the computation can be reduced significantly by using a unitary matrix transformation. This method applies the technique directly to the data without forming a covariance matrix. Using real computations through the unitary transformation for the 2-D matrix pencil method leads to a very efficient computational methodology for real time implementation on a DSP chip. The numerical simulation results are provided to see the performance of the method.