کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
5750573 1619695 2017 9 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Metal and metalloid distribution in different environmental compartments of the middle Xingu River in the Amazon, Brazil
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علوم محیط زیست شیمی زیست محیطی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Metal and metalloid distribution in different environmental compartments of the middle Xingu River in the Amazon, Brazil
چکیده انگلیسی


- Abiotic compartments of Xingu River are contaminated with trace elements.
- High levels of trace elements concentrations are related to anthropogenic activity.
- In mining regions, rainy season is associated with trace elements mobilization.
- Fish muscles did not show trace elements contamination.

Concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, Hg, and Ni were analyzed during rainy and dry seasons in water, sediment, soil, and two fish species. The analysis took place at four points in the Xingu River, one point in the Fresco River, and two mining pits in the southeastern area of the Eastern Amazon, Brazil. In the water, the total concentration of As (> 0.14 μg/L) was higher than the local reference values at all sampling points and in both seasons. Ordination analysis (PCA) highlighted As and Cu elements in the water. PERMANOVA showed that the metals behaved differently in the water throughout the monitored season and between sampling points. The sites with mining activity were the regions that were the most contaminated by metals. Samples of sediment (Ni > 18 mg/kg and Cr > 37.30 mg/kg) and soil (Pb > 72 mg/kg, Cr > 75 mg/kg and Ni > 30 mg/Kg) showed concentrations above the recommended by local legislation. Metal values in the muscle of both fish species were relatively low at all sampling points and in both monitored seasons. Concentrations in water, sediment, and soil showed that some points of the Xingu River, Fresco River and mining pits are contaminated by trace elements, mainly As, Hg, Cr, Pb, and Ni. This was the first study about trace elements in the Middle Xingu River, which leads us to conclude that rainfall and cassiterite mining activities strongly influence the mobilization of metals, especially in abiotic compartments. However, the fish analyzed did not exhibit relevant levels of contamination. This indicates low risk for human consumption. Additionally, results highlight the need to establish local criteria to define contamination limits for different metals while taking into account local geochemistry particularities and biome diversity.

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ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Science of The Total Environment - Volumes 605–606, 15 December 2017, Pages 66-74
نویسندگان
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