Two phases of granulite facies metamorphism during the Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic in the East Hebei, North China Craton: Records from mafic granulites

Archean cratons are commonly reworked during the late Paleoproterozoic orogeny, which may result in multi-phase granulite facies metamorphism in many domains. The East Hebei terrane of the North China Craton is developed with two phases of granulite facies metamorphism in the Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic. The Neoarchean granulite facies metamorphism is recognized mainly in the rafts or slivers of supracrustal rocks from the Taipingzhai ovate-structural domain, characteristic of anticlockwise P-T paths. The mafic granulites at this domain contain two-pyroxene granulite assemblages which are commonly overprinted by a late phase of granulite facies marked by tiny-grained vermicular orthopyroxene-bearing assemblages. They only record the Neoarchean metamorphic ages at 2.53-2.52 Ga and 2.51-2.48 Ga as indicated by zircon U-Pb data, para-simultaneously with the emplacement of TTG rocks. In contrast, the Paleoproterozoic granulite facies metamorphism can be well recognized in the Saheqiao linear-structural belt, which is characterized by high-pressure granulite assemblages in mafic rocks with clockwise P-T paths. In this belt, the Archean two-pyroxene granulite assemblages are locally preserved, showing “red-eye socket” overprinting textures consisting of garnet coronas or fine-grained garnet and clinopyroxene bearing assemblages surrounding the early-stage pyroxenes. Zircon U-Pb data indicate that mafic granulites from the Saheqiao belt record not only the Neoarchean metamorphic ages of ∼2.50 Ga but also some Paleoproterozoic ages of 1.97-1.83 Ga. The first application of Lu-Hf garnet-whole rock isochron method to garnet-bearing mafic granulites from the Saheqiao belt yields ages of 1766.6 ± 7.0 and 1787 ± 22 Ma, confirming that the overprinting of garnet-bearing assemblages occurred in the late Paleoproterozoic. Thus, the Saheqiao linear-structural belt may represent a strongly reworked domain during the Paleoproterozoic orogeny, rather than an Archean high-grade greenstone belt as previously considered.