Influence of fermentation conditions of Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata on the volatile glucosinolate hydrolysis compounds of sauerkrauts

The influence of fermentation conditions on the volatile glucosinolate (GLS) hydrolysis products in two different white cabbage cultivars (Bronco and Megaton) was studied. Natural and induced fermentation using Lactobacillus plantarum, Leuconostoc mesenteroides or a mixed starter culture of both microorganisms were performed. Cabbage cv. Bronco was fermented at a concentration of 0.5% and 1.5% NaCl while cv. Megaton was fermented only at 0.5% NaCl. Four commercial sauerkrauts were also analysed in order to compare with the experimental products. No volatile GLS hydrolysis products were detected in raw cabbages. Fermentation caused the appearance of iberin (IB), iberin nitrile (IBN), allyl cyanide (AC), allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) and sulforaphane (SFN) in experimental sauerkrauts, while only IB, IBN and SFN were detected in the commercial ones. Megaton sauerkrauts presented higher volatile GLS derivative content than those from cv. Bronco. The content of these compounds was affected by the starter culture and the salt concentration and it was in the range of those reported as having beneficial effect. Hence, sauerkraut can be considered as a health-promoting food and its intake is highly advised for disease prevention.

► Volatile GLS breakdown products in fermented cabbage was studied. ► Experimental sauerkrauts contained larger volatile GLS derivatives than commercial ones. ► Sauerkrauts from Megaton cultivar presented the highest volatile GLS derivatives. ► The consumption of sauerkraut provides health-promoting compounds.