Graphene and its nanocomposites as a platform for environmental applications

- Wastes generated during industrial processes play a major role in organic pollution.
- Graphene and its derivatives have attracted significant attention in the field of water treatment.
- Their mechanisms to treat organic molecules via adsorption/degradation are described.
- Their performance in such treatment is evaluated along with the reusability and toxicity.

Graphene is a two-dimensional nanomaterial with unique characteristics that can be used to efficiently remove organic pollutants in the aqueous system via adsorption and photocatalytic degradation. This review was organized to offer valuable insights into the mechanisms regulating the graphene and its related nanomaterials as the platform for the treatment of various organic pollutants in aqueous media. To this end, the performance variables of graphene, functionalized graphene, and graphene-supported materials are evaluated for such applications in some respects. Our discussion is extended further to describe regeneration and reuse of these nanomaterials along with future challenges encountered in their applications, especially on toxicity and stability aspects.