The effects of halides in the electrowinning of zinc. I. Oxidation of chloride on lead-silver anodes

- In the absence of manganese, oxidation of chloride does not occur on PbSO4 but readily on PbO2.
- Oxidation of chloride occurs under mass transport control in the electrowinning of zinc in the absence of manganese.
- The rate of oxidation of chloride is significantly lower in the presence of manganese in the range 1 to 5 g/L.
- The use of periodic current reversal does not increase the rate of oxidation of chloride in the presence of manganese.
- The rate of oxidation of chloride in the presence of manganese is too low to be of value in controlling chloride levels.

A study of the kinetics of the anodic oxidation of chloride ions on the surface of lead-silver anodes used for the electrowinning of zinc has shown some interesting and practically important results. Oxidation of chloride does not occur on a PbSO4 surface but occurs readily on a PbO2 surface. Oxidation of chloride occurs at the mass-transport controlled rate at the operating potentials of anodes during the electrowinning of zinc in the absence of manganese in the electrolyte. However, the rate of oxidation of chloride ions is significantly lower in the presence of manganese ions in the concentration range 1 to 5 g/L. These results have been compared with plant observations that confirm the lower rate of chlorine generation in the presence of manganese. The use of periodic current reversal does not increase the rate of oxidation of chloride ions in the presence of manganese ions. The rate of anodic oxidation of chloride in the presence of manganese ions is too low to be of practical value in controlling the chloride levels during the electrowinning of zinc.