Comparative study on the construction cost including carbon emission cost for masonry walls

Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions resulting from construction are one of the main factors causing global warming. It is therefore necessary to make efforts to reduce CO2 emissions in the construction industry. Although some researchers have studied CO2 emissions in the industry, there has been a lack of study on the cost of CO2 emissions. Therefore, this study examines and compares the construction costs, including the cost of CO2 emissions, of masonry wall types - including common brick, concrete brick, and fired brick walls. The study found that CO2 emission cost was the highest for brick walls, followed by concrete brick walls. The findings provide information that can be used in engineering methods to determine the cost of CO2 emissions.