Detailed studies of cow dung ash modified concrete exposed in fresh water

Concrete structures in proximity of water environment whether exposed directly or indirectly undergo physical and chemical changes. The water can be seeping into the porous concrete and this triggers the need to modify the exposed concrete with suitable add-ons. Cow dung ash is having pozzolanic qualities which can produce quality concrete structures. This study is focused on M30 grade concrete mix namely normal concrete and concrete modified with CDA. Concrete modified with CDA was prepared by 15% partial replacement of OPC with CDA. After 28 days of curing, specimens were exposed in fresh water for 56, 90, 180 and 365 days. Result showed that pH, compressive and split tensile strength and better durability was significant. X-ray diffraction studies were done to find out the crystalline structures whereas Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope studies were performed to analyze the structural morphology of concrete specimens. Both studies showed the presence of more calcium silicate hydrate and more cementitious products in concrete modified with CDA. Lesser bacterial density was observed on concrete modified with CDA compared to NC.