Semantic memory recognition is supported by intrinsic recollection-like processes: “The butcher on the bus” revisited

► Semantic recognition memory is supported by two processes: familiarity and recollection. ► Semantic recollection processes are intrinsic to semantic memory and are independent of episodic (autonoetic) recollection. ► Behavioral manipulations independently influenced semantic recollection and familiarity process estimates. ► Amnesics with MTL and hippocampal lesions showed reduced estimates of semantic recollection processes. ► Semantic recollection was more stoutly invoked in retrieval of remote items, contrary to known patterns of episodic recollection.