A tunable single-passband microwave photonic filter with positive and negative taps using a fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometer and phase modulation

In this paper, a tunable single-passband microwave photonic filter with positive and negative taps based on phase modulation and a fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometer (FMZI)) is presented, theoretically analyzed and experimentally demonstrated. The FMZI as the slicing filter results in a single-bandpass characteristic for the presented filter, and by using phase modulation, a number of negative taps are generated, thus making the baseband resonance suppressed, which is desirable for microwave photonic filter's application. The wavelength spacing of the FMZI can be tuned by employing an optical variable delay line, making the present filter continuously tunable. A tunable single-passband microwave photonic filter without baseband resonance is achieved in the experiment. The present filter shows an extinction ratio of up to ∼20 dB and good tuning linearity.