STM observation of SnO2 (1 1 0) thermal-treated under oxidative condition

Surface structure of SnO2 (1 1 0) treated thermally under oxidative condition was investigated by STM. After thermal treatment under oxidative condition, the [0 0 1]-oriented wide rows and dark spots beside the [0 0 1]-oriented fine rows were observed. Compared with the surface reduced by hydrogen, it is attributed the observed wide rows and dark spots to O2− (molecularity adsorption) and O− (adsorption with negative charge), respectively.