Ultrasonic wave propagation through porous ceramics at different angles of propagation

The anisotropic pore structure and elasticity of cancellous bone cause wave speeds and attenuation in cancellous bone to vary with angle. Comparisons between predictions of a Biot–Allard model allowing for angle-dependent elasticity and angle-and-porosity dependent tortuosity and transmission data obtained on water-saturated replica bones at normal and oblique incidence are extended to water saturated porous rigid ceramic at different angles of propagation. It is found that predictions of the variation of transmitted waveforms with angle through porous ceramic are in reasonable agreement with data.