Investigation of Pd-based electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction in PEMFCs operating under automotive conditions

► Pd-based electrocatalysts are prepared by using a sulphite-complex route. ► Structure, morphology and surface characteristics are investigated. ► Better surface characteristics are recorded with the two-step Pd catalyst. ► Pd-based catalyst shows a significant increase of performance at 110 °C. ► Pd-based composite catalysts get advantage of operation under automotive conditions.