An efficient method for fractured shale reservoir history matching: The embedded discrete fracture multi-continuum approach

In the history matching and uncertainty quantification stage, due to the low efficiency of traditional Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method when applied to reservoir history matching, a more advanced algorithm of two-stage MCMC is employed to evaluate the uncertainty for all the parameters. Since no upscaling of the fracture related parameters is required, the reservoir model can be generated by a pre-processor based on the proposed parameter, which maintains the adequacy of a Gaussian distribution assumption. Therefore, the workflow can be completely automated. By incorporating Embedded DFM and multiple porosity/permeability approaches, the improved model facilitates the history matching of fractured shale reservoirs by cutting the total amount of grid blocks, reducing the complexity of the gridding process, as well as improving the accuracy of fluid transportation within and among different porosity types.