کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
8853026 | 1618900 | 2018 | 6 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
The impacts of chlorothalonil and diflubenzuron on Apis mellifera L. larvae reared in vitro
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم محیط زیست
شیمی زیست محیطی
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چکیده انگلیسی
Chlorothalonil is a broad-spectrum fungicide and diflubenzuron is an insect growth regulator used to control many insect larvae feeding on agricultural, forest and ornamental plants. Honey bee larvae may be exposed to both via contaminated pollen, in the form of beebread, added to their diet by their adult nurse sisters. In this study, we determined how single (acute: 72â¯h mortality) and repeated (chronic: mortality until emergence as adults) exposure to chlorothalonil and diflubenzuron in their diet affected honey bee larvae reared in vitro. The tested doses of chlorothalonil (20, 100, or 200â¯mg/L) did not impact 72â¯h larval mortality acutely relative to that of the solvent control. The 72â¯h mortality of larvae exposed to 1.6â¯mg/L and higher doses of diflubenzuron acutely in their diet (47.2-63.9% mortality) was significantly higher than that of larvae fed the solvent control, with no predictable dose dependent pattern observed. In the chronic toxicity tests, consuming an artificial diet with 30 or 100â¯mg/L chlorothalonil and 0.8, 1.3 or 2â¯mg/L diflubenzuron significantly lowered the survival of honey bee larvae over that of larvae feeding on the solvent control diet. We calculated risk quotients (RQs) for both compounds using the data we generated in our experiments. Collectively, the RQs suggest that neither compound is likely to affect larval mortality directly at field relevant doses given that pollen composes only a fraction of the total larval diet. Nevertheless, our data do not preclude any sublethal effects that chronic exposure to either compound may cause.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - Volume 164, 30 November 2018, Pages 283-288
Journal: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - Volume 164, 30 November 2018, Pages 283-288
نویسندگان
Pingli Dai, Cameron J. Jack, Ashley N. Mortensen, Jeffrey R. Bloomquist, James D. Ellis,