کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
9451809 | 1307843 | 2005 | 10 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
In vivo evaluation of three biomarkers in the mosquitofish (Gambusia yucatana) exposed to pesticides
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم محیط زیست
شیمی زیست محیطی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
چکیده انگلیسی
In this study, the acute toxicity and the in vivo effects of commercial chlorpyrifos, carbofuran and glyphosate formulations on cholinesterase (ChE), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities of the mosquitofish (Gambusia yucatana) were investigated. In a first phase of the study, head and muscle ChE were characterized with different substrates (acetylthiocholine iodide, s-butyrylthiocholine iodide and propionylthiocholine iodide) and the selective inhibitors eserine hemisulfate, 1,5-bis(4-allyldimethylammoniumphenyl)-pentan-3-one dibromide (BW284C51), and N,Nâ²-diisopropylphosphorodiamic acid (iso-OMPA). The results obtained suggest that the enzyme present in both head and muscle of G. yucatana is mainly acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Acute toxicity was evaluated by exposing fish to several concentrations of single pesticides and of a mixture of chlorpyrifos/glyphosate. LC50 values were determined after 96Â h of exposure, except in the case of carbofuran for which LC50 was calculated after 24Â h since almost all the fish died within this period. LC50 values were 0.085Â mg/l for chlorpyrifos, 17.79Â mg/l for glyphosate, 0.636Â mg/l for carbofuran and 0.011Â mg/l for the chlorpyrifos/glyphosate mixture. A Toxic Unit approach was used to compare the toxicity of chlorpyrifos and glyphosate when occurring in a mixture with their toxicities as single compounds. Synergistic effects of chlorpyrifos and glyphosate when present in a mixture were found. At the end of each bioassay (24Â h for carbofuran, 96 for the other substances/mixture), effects on biomarkers were analyzed. Muscle LDH activity was not altered by any of the three pesticides tested. Gill GST activity was significantly inhibited (40%) by carbofuran after 24Â h of exposure to concentrations equal or higher than 0.06Â mg/l. ChE muscle and head activity were significantly inhibited (50% and 30%, respectively) by carbofuran at concentrations equal or higher than 0.25Â mg/l. Chlorpyrifos induced a significant inhibition of both muscle and head ChE (80% and 50%, respectively) after 96Â h of exposure to concentrations equal or higher than 0.05Â mg/l. Carbofuran did not induce significant alterations of fish ChE. The ChE EC50 determined for chlorpyrifos/glyphosate mixture (0.070Â mg/l) was higher than the correspondent value calculated for chlorpyrifos alone (0.011Â mg/l) suggesting an antagonistic effect of glyphosate on ChE inhibition by chlorpyrifos. ChE activity of G. yucatana seems to be a good biomarker to diagnose the exposure of wild populations of this species exposed to anticholinesterase pesticides.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Chemosphere - Volume 58, Issue 5, February 2005, Pages 627-636
Journal: Chemosphere - Volume 58, Issue 5, February 2005, Pages 627-636
نویسندگان
J. Rendón-von Osten, A. OrtÃz-Arana, L. Guilhermino, A.M.V.M. Soares,