The Nusantara Tunnel™ development of an integrated linkage system between Java and Sumatra islands in Indonesia

The Nusantara Tunnel™ as proposed in the paper constitutes an interconnected twin tunnel of 33 km long that will be constructed in two phases. Each tunnel is of double elliptical shape with an 8.5-m flat side and a 6.6-m vertical height carrying two-way single-track electric car train with maximum traffic capacity of 15,500 passenger-car-units (pcu) per day. The first phase of the tunnel will cost approximately US$ 1.5-2 billion to construct and US$ 4 million per annum for maintenance, operation, and repair. This will require a toll fee of as much as US$ 20 per pcu to travel one-way. The travel time required in making a one-way trip would be approximately an hour.