A high order isoparametric finite element method for the computation of waveguide modes

We have studied the approximation of optical waveguide eigenvalues by a high order isoparametric vector finite element method. Isoparametric mappings are used for the approximation of domains with curved boundaries or curved material interfaces. Eigenvalue convergence for curved elements is investigated. Numerical results verify the predicted order of convergence and show the remarkable accuracy of the method.