Writing of crystal lines and its optical properties of rare-earth ion (Er3+ and Sm3+) doped lithium niobate crystal on glass surface formed by laser irradiation

A glass of Li2O–Nb2O5–SiO2–B2O3 with an addition of CuO or Sm2O3 crystallizing in nonlinear optical lithium niobate LiNbO3 is developed. Crystalline lines of Lithium Niobate have been fabricated by continuous wave laser irradiation of the glass surface. The crystalline laser written lines have been found, by means of micro-Raman and Second Harmonic experiments, to be well oriented with its c-axis pointing along the laser scanning direction. The analysis of the confocal micro luminescence spectra obtained at the crystalline line have confirmed the incorporation of rare-earth ions in the crystalline network.