The existence of least energy nodal solutions for some class of Kirchhoff equations and Choquard equations in RNRN

In this paper, we study the existence of least energy nodal solutions for a class of Kirchhoff type problems in RNRN. Since the Kirchhoff equation is a nonlocal one, the variational setting to look for sign-changing solutions is different from the local cases. By using constrained minimization on the sign-changing Nehari manifold, we prove the Kirchhoff problem has a least energy nodal solution with its energy exceeding twice the least energy. As a co-product of our approaches, we obtain the existence of least energy sign-changing solution for Choquard equations in RNRN and show that the sign-changing solution has an energy strictly larger than the least energy and less than twice the least energy.