کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
4996190 | 1459787 | 2017 | 7 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
- The effects of extraction conditions on the SC-CO2 extraction of citrus by-products were studied.
- Optimum extraction conditions for carotenoids and antioxidant activity were established.
- The predicted and experimental values were in good agreement.
- The combination of citrus by-products increased the carotenoid content of oils.
- The combination of citrus by-products increased the antioxidant activity of oils.
The processing of citrus fruits leaves massive by-products. Those by-products which are considered as wastes contain a wide range of healthy bioactive compounds where carotenoids are among of them. This work aimed to study the optimum supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction conditions for maximization of carotenoid content and antioxidant activity for citrus by-products, using response surface methodology so that those by-products can not only be valorized effectively but also to reduce disposal problems. The effects of pressure, temperature, and mixing ratio (citrus peel-to-citrus seed mass ratio) on the recovery of carotenoids and antioxidant activity were studied. A second-order polynomial model showed a suitable fitting of the experimental values regarding the carotenoid content (R2 = 0.9974, p < 0.05) and antioxidant activity (DPPH (R2 = 0.9919, p < 0.05) and ABTS assay (R2 = 0.9885, p < 0.05)). An optimization and validation study was performed and the optimum extraction conditions were 25.196 MPa, 44.88 °C and 1.91 for carotenoid content, 29.960 MPa, 41.08 °C and 1.52 for DPPH assay and 29.983 MPa, 43.14 °C and 1.50 for ABTS assay, respectively, for pressure, temperature and mixing ratio. The corresponding predicted values were 1.983 mg gâ1 oil for carotenoid content, 0.762 mg cmâ3 for DPPH, and 1.220 mg cmâ3 for ABTS assay. The predicted and the experimental values were well in agreement, thus affirming the adequacy and validity of the predicted models. Overall, the combination of citrus by-products could yield the oils with good bio-activity and this could be a new valorization method.
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Journal: Biomass and Bioenergy - Volume 106, November 2017, Pages 1-7