A low-frequency piezoelectric-electromagnetic-triboelectric hybrid broadband vibration energy harvester

A novel low-frequency piezoelectric-electromagnetic-triboelectric hybrid broadband vibration energy harvester is designed and investigated based on picking-up vibration structures with flexible L-shaped and folded beams. By integrating piezoelectric, electromagnetic, and triboelectric mechanisms, the hybrid device can not only enhance the electric output, but also can scavenge wide band range vibration energy at low frequency.258