Short communicationThe northernmost and latest occurrence of the fossil porcupine (Hystrix brachyura vinogradovi Argyropulo, 1941) in the Altai Mountains in the Late Pleistocene (ca. 32,000-41,000Â cal BP)

- We described finds of the Late Pleistocene porcupine in Eurasia (Altai and Urals).
- These are the northernmost occurrences of this species known to date.
- Radiocarbon-dated porcupine bones in the Altai can be placed at ca. 31,800 cal BP.
- It is the youngest find of porcupine outside its current geographic range.

Several new finds of the Late Pleistocene porcupine (Hystrix brachyura vinogradovi) in the Altai Mountains of southern Siberia and the Urals occur far north of previously assigned range for porcupine. These finds have necessitated a renewed study of this species's chronology and spatial distribution. We conclude that the oldest records of this porcupine in the Ural Mountains date to MIS 5e, and its geographic range possibly included also the Altai at that time. Directly radiocarbon-dated porcupine bones in the Altai fall in MIS 3 (ca. 32,000-41,000 cal BP). It is the northernmost record of this species and the youngest find outside its current geographic range.