کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
5856125 | 1562128 | 2016 | 6 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
A randomized clinical study to assess ingestion of dentifrice by children
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
یک مطالعه بالینی تصادفی برای ارزیابی مصرف خوراکی دندان توسط کودکان
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کلمات کلیدی
استفاده از خمیر دندان و نوشیدن در کودکان، دندانپزشکی فلوراید، لیتیم، دندانپزشکی مارکر مکمل کلرید، دندان های چرب طعم دار،
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم محیط زیست
بهداشت، سم شناسی و جهش زایی
چکیده انگلیسی
This study investigated whether there was a difference in amounts of dentifrice ingested by children based on age using pea-sized instructions. The study had a randomized, single-blinded, 3-period, crossover design modelled after Barnhart et al. (1974) with one regular-flavored and two specially-flavored dentifrices used ad libitum. Subjects were enrolled in three groups: 2-4, 5-7, and 8-12 years. They were instructed to brush at home as they would normally with each dentifrice for 3 weeks (9 weeks total). On weekly study-site visits, subjects brushed with the assigned dentifrice containing a lithium marker to measure the amount of dentifrice ingested and used. Averaging across dentifrices, amounts ingested were: 0.205 g (2-4 yr), 0.125 g (5-7 yr) and 0.135 g (8-12 yr), demonstrating 2-4 year-olds ingested significantly more than older children (p â¤Â 0.002). Averaging across dentifrices, amounts used were: 0.524 g (2-4 yr), 0.741 g (5-7 yr) and 0.978 g (8-12 yr) suggesting an age-related effect (p < 0.01). Findings also showed that ingestion amount for specially-flavored dentifrices may increase relative to regular-flavored dentifrice for children 2-7 years-old. This research demonstrated that dentifrice ingestion amount decreased significantly with age while usage amount increased with age. Importantly, ingestion and usage levels in younger children reflect “pea-sized” direction and were numerically lower than historical levels reported prior to this direction.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology - Volume 75, March 2016, Pages 66-71
Journal: Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology - Volume 75, March 2016, Pages 66-71
نویسندگان
C.A. Strittholt, D.A. McMillan, T. He, R.A. Baker, M.L. Barker,