Lacquer sap with reactive maleic hemiester surfactant-modified phase interface and its properties

- The phase interface of lacquer sap was modified by maleic hemiester surfactant.
- This modification improved the drying, gloss and pencil hardness of lacquer film.
- The improvement of the properties strongly depended on the surfactant's content.
- Its excessive addition caused the decrease of lacquer sap's stability.
- The polymerization between urushiol and surfactant occurred and was confirmed.