Co-doped BST thin films for tunable microwave applications

►Acceptor Co ion has been substituted into the B site of the perovskite crystal which leads to a small change in crystal lattice parameters. ►The substitution of Co also results in a decrease of grain size. ►The doping of Co ion reduced the dielectric loss of ferroelectric BST thin films and increased the overall quality factor (figure of merit, FoM). ►The improvements in dielectric loss and FoM are essential to the implementation of dielectric tunable microwave devices.