Simultaneous estimation of lisofylline and pentoxifylline in rat plasma by high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector and its application to pharmacokinetics in rat

- The developed HPLC method was fully validated and found to be accurate and precise.
- A simple sample preparation and short run time for rapid analysis of LSF and PTX.
- The method demonstrated applicability for pharmacokinetic analysis of LSF and PTX.
- First report on stability of LSF and PTX in rat plasma under different conditions.

Lisofylline (LSF) is an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agent with proven activity in serious infections associated with cancer chemotherapy, hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury, autoimmune disorders including type-1 diabetes (T1DM) and islet rejection after islet transplantation. It is also an active metabolite of another anti-inflammatory agent, Pentoxifylline (PTX). LSF bears immense therapeutic potential in multiple pharmacological activities and hence appropriate and accurate quantification of LSF is very important. Although a number of analytical methods for quantification of LSF and PTX have been reported for pharmacokinetics and metabolic studies, each of these have certain limitations in terms of large sample volume required, complex extraction procedure and/or use of highly sophisticated instruments like LC-MS/MS.The aim of current study is to develop a simple reversed-phase HPLC method in rat plasma for simultaneous determination of LSF and PTX with the major objective of ensuring minimum sample volume, ease of extraction, economy of analysis, selectivity and avoiding use of instruments like LC-MS/MS to ensure a widespread application of the method.A simple liquid-liquid extraction method using methylene chloride as extracting solvent was used for extracting LSF and PTX from rat plasma (200 μL). Samples were then evaporated, reconstituted with mobile phase and injected into HPLC coupled with photo-diode detector (PDA). LSF, PTX and 3-isobutyl 1-methyl xanthine (IBMX, internal standard) were separated on Inertsil® ODS (C18) column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with mobile phase consisting of A-methanol B-water (50:50 v/v) run in isocratic mode at flow rate of 1 mL/min for 15 min and detection at 273 nm. The method showed linearity in the concentration range of 50-5000 ng/mL with LOD of 10 ng/mL and LLOQ of 50 ng/mL for both LSF and PTX. Weighted linear regression analysis was also performed on the calibration data. The mean absolute recoveries were found to be 80.47 ± 3.44 and 80.89 ± 3.73% for LSF and PTX respectively. The method was successfully applied for studying the pharmacokinetics of LSF and PTX after IV bolus administration at dose of 25 mg/kg in Wistar rat. In conclusion, a simple, sensitive, accurate and precise reversed-phase HPLC-UV method was established for simultaneous determination of LSF and PTX in rat plasma.