Label-free detection of lysozyme in wines using an aptamer based biosensor and SPR detection

• Optimized aptasensor with SPR detection allowed detection of allergen lysozyme with good sensitivity without any amplification (detection limit: 2.4 nM).
• The accurate detection of lysozyme in spiked wines confirms the utility of the aptasensor for wine analysis.
• The aptasensor could potentially be tuned to observe lysozyme interaction with wine phenolics.
• A new size exclusion chromatography method was developed and compared with the aptasensor.

The optimization of an aptasensor with SPR detection allowed the determination of an allergen protein, lysozyme, with high accuracy, good sensitivity and a detection limit of 2.4 nM for spiked red and white wines. The interaction of lysozyme with specific phenolic compounds from wine was evidenced by circular dichroism and SPR. Quantitative recovery factors higher than 88% for wine lysozyme were achieved based on a sample pre-treatment procedure with high concentration of sodium chloride and Tween-20. This aptasensor is useful to monitor the lysozyme levels during winemaking. Also reported is a new chromatographic method based on size exclusion that provided a good separation of lysozyme from wine components, with a detection limit of 35 nM or 0.5 μg/mL.

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