Chemical characteristics of a heteropolysaccharide from Tylopilus ballouii mushroom and its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities

Fucogalactomannan (FGM) is a non-sulphated polysaccharide isolated from the Tylopilus ballouii mushroom. We investigated the chemical characteristics of this FGM using HPLC, chemical methods, and NMR studies (1H, 13C, 1H/13C-HSQC and DEPT-135 spectroscopies) without chemical fragmentation. This polysaccharide consisted primarily of mannose and galactose with variable amounts of fucose and traces of xylose and with MW of 140 kDa. Infrared and NMR spectroscopies showed the possible interaction between these polysaccharides and proteins. The antioxidant activity showed for FGM a high inhibition of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals with an IC50 of 1.25 and 1.6 mg/mL, respectively. The results of peroxidation tests showed that FGM had an IC50 of 1.72 mg/mL. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory assay showed that FGM reduced edema by 32.8%, 42.0%, and 56% at doses of 30, 50, and 70 mg/kg, respectively. Thus, these results suggested a structure and indicated possible anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities use of these polysaccharides.