Phytochemical investigation and antimicrobial activity of an endophytic fungus Phoma sp.

Phytochemical investigation of the endophytic fungi Phoma sp. resulted in the isolation of sclerodin (1), 8,9-dihydro-3,5,7-trihydroxy-1,8,8,9-tetramethyl-5-(2-oxopropyl)-4H-phenaleno[1,2-b]furan-4,6(5H)-dione (2), atrovenetinone (3), and sclerodione (4). Preliminary studies showed that sclerodin (1) displayed moderate antialgal activity while 8,9-dihydro-3,5,7-trihydroxy-1,8,8,9-tetramethyl-5-(2-oxopropyl)-4H-phenaleno[1,2-b]furan-4,6(5H)-dione (2), atrovenetinone (3), and sclerodione (4) displayed moderate antifungal activity. Furthermore 8,9-dihydro-3,5,7-trihydroxy-1,8,8,9-tetramethyl-5-(2-oxopropyl)-4H-phenaleno[1,2-b]furan-4,6(5H)-dione (2) and atrovenetinone (3) showed moderate antibacterial activity against Bacillus megaterium and additionally atrovenetinone (3) showed good antibacterial activity towards Eurotium repens. Furthermore atrovenetinone (3) and sclerodione (4) displayed very strong antifungal activity towards Ustilago violacea.