کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
10527345 | 958830 | 2005 | 21 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Regularity of digits and significant digits of random variables
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه
ریاضیات
ریاضیات (عمومی)
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
چکیده انگلیسی
A random variable X is digit-regular (respectively, significant-digit-regular) if the probability that every block of k given consecutive digits (significant digits) appears in the b-adic expansion of X approaches b-k as the block moves to the right, for all integers b>1 and k⩾1. Necessary and sufficient conditions are established, in terms of convergence of Fourier coefficients, and in terms of convergence in distribution modulo 1, for a random variable to be digit-regular (significant-digit-regular), and basic relationships between digit-regularity and various classical classes of probability measures and normal numbers are given. These results provide a theoretical basis for analyses of roundoff errors in numerical algorithms which use floating-point arithmetic, and for detection of fraud in numerical data via using goodness-of-fit of the least significant digits to uniform, complementing recent tests for leading significant digits based on Benford's law.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Stochastic Processes and their Applications - Volume 115, Issue 10, October 2005, Pages 1723-1743
Journal: Stochastic Processes and their Applications - Volume 115, Issue 10, October 2005, Pages 1723-1743
نویسندگان
Theodore P. Hill, Klaus Schürger,