The temporal priority of team learning behaviors vs. shared mental models in service management teams

This study investigated the temporal priority of shared mental models (SMMs) on team learning behaviors using a longitudinal study design. Twenty-seven field-based teams (173 participants) performing a restaurant management task participated in the study. Panel data on SMMs and learning behaviors were collected in two waves across the 16-week lifespan of the teams. Results from cross-lagged models showed that team learning behaviors had a positive effect on the formation of shared mental models, whereas shared mental models did not predict team learning behaviors. Additionally, SMMs and team learning behavior had a significant positive effect on team performance. The results of the current study contributed to the team literature by showing that team processes (team learning behavior) may impact the development of SMMs, which consequently impacts team performance. The current work also demonstrates that teamwork is essential for success of hospitality organizations and suggests ways to improve team effectiveness. Implications of these results for research and practice are discussed.

► We investigated the temporal priority of shared mental models on team learning behaviors using a longitudinal study design.
► We examined a bi-directional (two-way) relationship between shared mental models and team learning behaviors.
► Results indicated that team processes (team learning behavior) may impact the development of shared mental models.
► Shared mental models and learning behaviors were found to impact team performance.
► The study also demonstrated that teamwork is essential for success of hospitality organizations and suggested ways to improve team effectiveness.