New trends in fluorescence in situ hybridization for identification and functional analyses of microbes

► Double-labeled oligonucleotides - an easy boost for conventional FISH experiments. ► Highly parallel FISH detection of many taxa with new labeling and imaging strategy. ► FISH and transmission electron microscopy - from identity to ultrastructure. ► Padlock and polynucleotide probes detect genes in single microbial cells. ► New software and web-based tools for oligonucleotide and polynucleotide design.