Deep and surface hemodynamic signal from functional time resolved transcranial near infrared spectroscopy compared to skin flowmotion

► Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) prefrontal cortex measurements. ► Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) measurements of right and left temple vasomotions. ► Dynamic responses of prefrontal cortex autoregulation and skin vasomotion to a Valsalva maneuver. ► Cerebral and skin autoregulation were uncorrelated under the systemic stimulus due to Valsalva.