Structural analysis of zeolite NaA synthesized by a cost-effective hydrothermal method using kaolin and its use as water softener

Square 1 - zeolite with sodium promotes ion exchange of calcium and magnesium present in water hard. ► Square 2 - water free of calcium and magnesium captured by zeolite. ► Square 3 - calcium and magnesium present in hard water withheld in the sites of adsorption.