Synthesis, performance, and modeling of immobilized nano-sized magnetite layer for phosphate removal

► A novel nano-sized magnetite impregnated GAC was synthesized for PO4 removal. ► A comprehensive characterization of the nFe-GAC was conducted. ► The homogeneous porous layer of nano-Fe3O4 exhibited remarkable adsorption capacity. ► Magnetite formation and phosphate adsorption mechanisms are proposed. ► A detailed kinetic analysis is presented.